Women are discovering whisky and other brown spirits at record levels, and dispelling the old myth that whisky is a “man’s drink.” Meghan Leary is the author of “Whiskey for Women” and the website of the same name, and is on the forefront of teaching women about whisky. She’ll share her insights with us on this week’s episode. In the news, Scotland’s government plans to impose minimum pricing over industry objections, Colum Egan of Bushmills picks his apprentice, and the “Water of Life Drive” reaches its goal for Charity: Water!

Visit WhiskyCast at www.whiskycast.com

The Autumn Speyside Whisky Festival is organised by Dufftown 2000 Ltd. in partnership with Spirit of Speyside Whisky Festival Ltd.

Thursday September 23rd 2010
 
Inchgower Distillery Visit Inchgower Distillery, Buckie 10:00 11:30 1 Places  £8.00 
 
This is a unique opportunity to visit one of Diageo’s unsung heroes of the Bells Blended Whiskies. 
 
Tomintoul Distillery Visit Tomintoul Distillery 14:30 16:45 5 Places  £8.00 

Join Tom Gerrie head brewer at the Tomintoul Distillery for one of the best distillery tours on Speyside.
 
Late Night at The WSD The Whisky Shop Dufftown, Dufftown 18:00 20:00    
 
Drop in for a dram and see what’s going on at the festival. …read more
 
A Soiree with the Mates of the Whisky Museum Whisky Museum, Dufftown 19:30 21:30 7 Places   
 
Get the Festival off to a swinging start at a soiree with the Mates of the Whisky Museum

Friday September 24th 2010
 
The Beyond Speyside Bus Tour The Square, Dufftown 08:30 18:30 Fully Booked  £48.00  
 
This is a unique opportunity to visit the Glen Ord Distillery Group and the Dalmore Distillery North of Inverness 
 
The Whisky Smugglers Experience The Square, Dufftown 09:00 13:00 3 Places  £30.00 
 
Join us on an exploration of the Braes of Glenlivet by Land Rover – home to illicit whisky distillers and smugglers during the late 18th century.

Mortlach Distillery Tour Mortlach Distillery, Dufftown 10:00 11:30 Fully Booked  £8.00  
 
This is a rare opportunity to visit the Mortlach Distillery one of Diageo’s best-loved Distilleries.  

Speyside Cooperage Tour Speyside Cooperage, Craigellachie 10:00 12:00 6 Places  £13.50 
 
Specially arranged for the Festival, an exclusive tour of this unique 5 Star Visitor Attraction. 
 
Glenfiddich: The Manager’s Tour Glenfiddich Distillery, Dufftown 10:30 13:30 11 Places  £21.00 
 
A Unique opportunity to tour the Glenfiddich Complex in the company of Stuart Watts of William Grant’s & Sons to see behind the scenes. 
 
6 of the Best at the Whisky Castle Tomintoul The Whisky Castle, Tomintoul 11:00 17:00 

Join Mike Drury and sample some delightful Drams.
 
Strathmill & Strathisla Distilleries by Train Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:20 17:35 10 Places  £25.00

Travel along The Whisky Line to Keith for a Tour of Strathmill and Strathisla Distilleries and enjoy a dram on the way! 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:25 12:05 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 12:15 12:55 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 Book Now
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Aultmore Distillery by Train and Bus Dufftown Station, Dufftown 12:45 17:30 2 Places  £25.00 

Travel along The Whisky Line to Keith and then by bus for an exclusive Tour of Aultmore Distillery and enjoy a dram on the way! 
 
Whisky Tasting: Arran Distillery St James’, Dufftown 13:00 14:30 35 Places  £17.00 
 
Whisky tasting with Andy Hogan of Arran Distillery.

Speyside Cooperage Tour Speyside Cooperage, Craigellachie 13:00 15:00 8 Places  £13.50 
 
Specially arranged for the Festival, an exclusive tour of this unique 5 Star Visitor Attraction. 
 
Strathisla Distillery by Train (pm) Dufftown Station, Dufftown 13:55 17:25 4 Places  £17.00
 
Travel along The Whisky Line to Keith for a Tour of Strathisla Distillery and enjoy a dram on the way! 
 
The Whisky Smugglers Experience The Square, Dufftown 14:00 18:00 Fully Booked  £30.00  
 
Join us on an exploration of the Braes of Glenlivet by Land Rover – home to illicit whisky distillers and smugglers during the late 18th century. 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 14:00 14:40 25 Return  £9.5025 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 14:50 15:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Whisky Tasting: Gordon & MacPhail St James’, Dufftown 15:30 17:00 25 Places  £17.00 
 
Whisky Tasting with Mike Patterson of Gordon & MacPhail.
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 15:50 16:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 16:40 17:20 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
It’s not just about Water, Barley and Yeast St James’, Dufftown 18:00 19:30 32 Places  £17.00 
 
This whisky tasting will seek to underline the range of flavours that whisky has from comparing triple distillation to a iconic Islay distillery.
 
Stramash Memorial Hall, Dufftown 20:00 00:00 103 Places  £7.00
 
Stramash is a fun musical evening where musicians come together to play. Food will be provided together with a licenced bar.

Saturday September 25th 2010
 
Glendronach Distillery and Single Malts Direct The Square, Dufftown 09:15 13:30 10 Places  £31.00 

Join Allan McConnochie for a Distillery Manager’s tour of Glendronach and vertical tasting followed by a visit to Single Malts Direct in Huntly. 
 
Glenfiddich Cooperage Tour Glenfiddich Distillery, Dufftown 10:00 11:30 8 Places  £10.00

This is a rare opportunity to visit the Genfiddich Cooperage.
 
Balvenie Malt Master Tour Balvenie Distillery, Dufftown 10:00 14:30 6 Places  £100.00
 
Join David Stewart, The Balvenie Malt Master, on an exclusive, Balvenie Distillery experience, tasting and lunch. 
 
Craft Fayre Memorial Hall, Dufftown 10:00 16:00
 
The Craft Fayre will be held in the Memorial Hall. This year we have a great variety of stalls in the Hall. 
 
6 of the Best at the Whisky Castle Tomintoul The Whisky Castle, Tomintoul 11:00 17:00 
 
Join Mike Drury and sample some delightful Drams
 
Strathisla Distillery by Train (am) Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:20 15:35 6 Places  £17.00 
 
Travel along The Whisky Line to Keith for a Tour of Strathisla Distillery and enjoy a dram on the way! 

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:25 12:05 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Glenfiddich Cooperage Tour Glenfiddich Distillery, Dufftown 12:00 13:30 8 Places  £10.00 
 
This is a rare opportunity to visit the Genfiddich Cooperage.

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 12:15 12:55 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
The Seven Stills Bus Tour The Square, Dufftown 12:30 17:30 Fully Booked  £25.00  
 
A unique opportunity to visit all of Dufftown’s working distilleries guided by Gordon Haughton of Dufftown and his team.

Whisky Tasting: Springbank St James’, Dufftown 13:00 14:30 25 Places  £17.00 
 
Whisky tasting with Iain Scott of Springbank.
 
Glen Elgin and Glen Moray Distilleries The Square, Dufftown 13:35 18:00 7 Places  £25.00 

Visit the Glen Elgin Distillery on the outskirts of Elgin, followed by the 5th Chapter Tour and Tasting at the Glen Moray Distillery.
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 14:00 14:40 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Glenfiddich Cooperage Tour Glenfiddich Distillery, Dufftown 14:00 15:30 8 Places  £10.00 

This is a rare opportunity to visit the Genfiddich Cooperage .

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 14:50 15:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Whisky Tasting: Whyte & MacKay St James’, Dufftown 15:30 17:00 35 Places  £17.00 

Whisky tasing with Steven MacConachie of Whyte & MacKay 

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 15:50 16:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 16:40 17:20 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Whisky Tasting: Adelphi St James’, Dufftown 17:30 19:00 15 Places  £17.00 

Whisky Tasting with Antonia Bruce of Adelphi 

Tannochbrae Restaurant Gala Dinner Tannochbrae Restaurant, Dufftown 19:30 23:30 Fully Booked  £49.50  
 
Susie and Alan will be hosting a 6-course Gala Dinner  
 
A Taste of Speyside Festival Dinner Taste of Speyside, Dufftown 19:30 00:00 27 Places  £49.00  
 
Join the Festival Gala Whisky Dinner at the Taste of Speyside. The 5-course menu will be accompanied with a dram for every course. 
 
Celtic Music at Glenfiddich Glenfiddich Distillery, Dufftown 19:30 22:30 56 Places  £20.00 
 
Enjoy an evening of Celtic and Traditional Scottish Music.

Sunday September 26th 2010
 
The Battle of Mortlach Walk The Square, Dufftown 09:00 13:40 4 Places  £27.00 

Join David Newland and Ann Hewawitharana for this historic Walk to trace the Battle of Mortlach.

Tomintoul Distillery & Tomintoul The Square, Dufftown 10:00 15:30 9 Places  £28.00 

Enjoy a guided tour of the Tomintoul Distillery, visit the Whisky Castle for a dram or 2 followed by lunch at the Clockhouse Restaurant. 

Craft Fayre Memorial Hall, Dufftown 10:00 16:00   
 
The Craft Fayre will be held in the Memorial Hall. This year we have a great variety of stalls in the Hall. 

6 of the Best at the Whisky Castle Tomintoul The Whisky Castle, Tomintoul 11:00 17:00 

Join Mike Drury and sample some delightful Drams 
 
Strathisla Distillery by Train (am) Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:20 15:35 7 Places  £17.00 

Travel along The Whisky Line to Keith for a Tour of Strathisla Distillery and enjoy a dram on the way! 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 11:25 12:05 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! …read more
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 12:15 12:55 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line!

Keith Dufftown Railway Nosing & Tasting Special 1 Dufftown Station, Dufftown 12:45 15:30 10 Places  £29.00 
 
Join Steve Oliver in the first class compartment for a nosing and tasting on route to Keith. A light lunch at the Buffer Stop Café is included. 
 
Whisky Tasting: “Do We Think We Know About Whisky? St James’, Dufftown 13:00 14:30 19 Places  £17.00 

Whisky tasting with Mike Lord of The WSD looking at whether some of the whisky truths are really true. 
 
The Aberlour Distillery Founder’s Tour The Square, Dufftown 13:40 16:40 Fully Booked  £34.00  
 
Join Julian and Dennis for this exciting Aberlour Distillery Tour, new for 2010.
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 14:00 14:40 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 14:50 15:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Keith Dufftown Railway Nosing & Tasting Special 2 Dufftown Station, Dufftown 15:00 17:30 8 Places  £27.00 

Join Steve Oliver in the first class compartment for a nosing and tasting on route to Keith. Afternoon Tea at the Buffer Stop Café is included. 

Whisky Auction The Royal British Legion Hall, Dufftown 15:00 18:00   
 
A large range of Whisky and Whisky Memorabilia will go under the hammer at the Annual Autumn Speyside Whisky Festival Auction.  
 
Whisky Tasting: The WSD Bottlings St James’, Dufftown 15:30 17:00 19 Places  £10.00 
 
Come and try the whiskies where Mike Lord of The WSD has chosen the casks 
 
Keith & Dufftown Railway from Dufftown to Keith Dufftown Station, Dufftown 15:50 16:30 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 

All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 

Keith & Dufftown Railway from Keith to Dufftown Keith Town Station, Keith 16:40 17:20 25 Return  £9.50 25 Single  £6.00 
 
All aboard for a spectacular journey along The Whisky Line! 
 
Whisky Tasting: Cadenheads St James’, Dufftown 17:30 19:00 9 Places  £17.00 
 
Whisky tasting with Mark Davidson of Cadenheads.

The Whisky Quiz 2010 St James’, Dufftown 20:30 22:00 32 Places  £5.00 

Whisky trivia meets pub quiz.

Monday September 27th 2010
 
The Whisky Smugglers Experience The Square, Dufftown 09:00 13:00 3 Places  £30.00 
 
Join us on an exploration of the Braes of Glenlivet by Land Rover – home to illicit whisky distillers and smugglers during the late 18th century. 

Auchroisk and BenRiach Distilleries The Square, Dufftown 09:00 13:15 Fully Booked  £20.00  
 
Join this unique tour to Auchroisk and BenRiach Distilleries 

Dufftown Distillery Tour Dufftown Distillery, Dufftown 10:00 11:30 4 Places  £8.00 
 
This is a rare opportunity to visit the Dufftown Distillery the heart of Bells Whisky.
 
Speyside Cooperage Tour Speyside Cooperage, Craigellachie 10:00 12:00 3 Places  £13.50 

Specially arranged for the Festival, an exclusive tour of this unique 5 Star Visitor Attraction. 
 
6 of the Best at the Whisky Castle Tomintoul The Whisky Castle, Tomintoul 11:00 17:00   
 
Join Mike Drury and sample some delightful Drams.

Dramble” around the 7 Stills of Dufftown The Square, Dufftown 12:30 17:30 19 Places  £18.00 Book Now
 
Join Gordon Haughton and his team for this new take on the legendary “7 Stills of Dufftown“.  
 
Whisky Tasting: BenRiach St James’, Dufftown 13:00 14:30 34 Places  £17.00 
 
Whisky Tasting with Alastair Walker of BenRiach.

Speyside Cooperage Tour Speyside Cooperage, Craigellachie 13:00 15:00 9 Places  £13.50 
 
Specially arranged for the Festival, an exclusive tour of this unique 5 Star Visitor Attraction. 
 
Ardmore Distillery and the Grouse Inn The Square, Dufftown 13:30 13:30 8 Places  £29.00 

Tour the Ardmore Distillery then visit the famous “Grouse Inn” at lower Cabrach for a dram or 2 and high tea.  
 
Mortlach Distillery Tour Mortlach Distillery, Dufftown 14:00 15:30 Fully Booked  £8.00  
 
This is a rare opportunity to visit the Mortlach Distillery one of Diageo’s best-loved Distilleries.  

Whisky Tasting: Glenfarclas St James’, Dufftown 15:30 17:00 37 Places  £17.00 

Whisky tasting of the Glenfarclas range.
 
Whisky Tasting: Duncan Taylor St James’, Dufftown 18:00 19:30 18 Places  £17.00 

A chance to sample 5 whiskies from Duncan Taylor’s latest range. 
 
The Drams Party The Whisky Shop Dufftown, Dufftown 20:00 22:00 47 Places  £12.00 

The Drams Party – come along and try whiskies from The Whisky Shop Dufftown tastings you missed.

Tuesday September 28th 2010
 
Benrinnes Distillery Visit Benrinnes Distillery 10:00 11:30 3 Places  £8.00 
 
This is a rare opportunity to visit the Benrinnes Distillery (not normally open to the public), one of Diageo’s unsung heroes.  
 
Knockdhu Distillery Visit KnockDhu Distillery 14:00 15:30 5 Places  £8.00 
 
Join Gordon Bruce the Distillery Manager for an exciting visit to the Knock Dhu Distillery by Huntly.

http://www.spiritofspeyside.com/index.php

What a amazing schedule of events!

Glenglassaugh – The Manager’s Legacy – Jim Cryle 1974 52.9%alc.

Limited to 200 bottles and so limited to 1 per person…

The first in a series of four bottlings to celebrate the achievements and influences of Glenglassaugh distillery managers during the period 1964 – 1986. A single cask bottling at natural strength, without colouring or chill-filtration. The Jim Cryle release is limited to 200 individually numbered bottles from a refill sherry hogshead filled in 1974 during Jim’s time in charge.

Tasting Note

Colour: Orange gold

Nose: Fresh and fruity with barley sugar sweetness. Boiled sweets, stewed plums and a sprinkling of demerara sugar. Banana skins and orange essence giving way to clove oil and liquorice.

Palate: Juicy, syrupy and round with sweet stewed plum and orange flavours, balanced with gentle oak spice and nuances of clove and liquorice.

Finish: Lingering fruits, warming spice and liquorice.

Glenglassaugh The Managers Legacy Jim Cryle 1974
Barcode: 5060193840338

Price excluding VAT: £203.40
£238.99 Including VAT at 17.5%

Visit Loch Fyne Whiskies at www.lfw.co.uk

From Stuart Nickerson;

We have also just published a newsletter which you can read on line at http://www.glenglassaugh.com/newsletter/

… fresh at  www.ralfy.com  you will find a two part Interview ” Raymond & Bladnoch” featuring a frank talk with Raymond Armstrong, owner of Bladnoch Distillery.   This follows the very successful e-bay sale of a Raymond/ralfy signed bottle of Inchgower for fund raising towards a local Pensioner Events.

After a two year absence Tom Lipka has returned to the Malt Maniacs. Welcome back Thomas or as one Maniac said “Oh no, not you again … 🙂 ”

Visit the Malt Maniacs at www.maltmaniacs.org

Pauline Keddilty of Glasgow has a bottle of Balvenie Founder’s Reserve for sale. Email: pauline_keddilty@hotmail.com

“I have inherited a bottle of The Balvenie Founder’s Reserve ‘Cognac Bottle’, however, not being a connoisseur I feel it is rather wasted on me and I am looking to sell it. Unfortunately, the rosette in the front has fallen of, however, I understand it is a rare bottle and I’m sure someone will appreciate it a lot more than me! Please get in touch if you are interested or would like to see photographs. Thanks. (WI indeed asked for a photograph; contact Pauline if you would like any other information. She is located in Glasgow and would like £120 for the bottle).

Vintage Dated Old Forester Birthday Bourbon Set to Hit Shelves

2010 Release Aged 12 Years and Bottled at 95 Proof

Louisville, Ky.  – Old Forester has released the 2010 expression of its vintage-dated Birthday Bourbon in honor of George Garvin Brown, the founder of Louisville-based Brown-Forman and Old Forester, America’s First Bottled Bourbon™. Launched eight years ago to commemorate Brown’s Birthday on September 2, Old Forester Birthday Bourbon is a limited-edition, historically award-winning bourbon which is released annually.

“This year’s vintage release of Old Forester is crafted from a 72 barrel batch that was put into barrels on October 24, 1997,” said Chris Morris, Brown-Forman Master Distiller. “These barrels were evenly matured together in the very middle of Warehouse K, on the 5th floor in ricks 42, 43 and 45, surrounded by open space. This environment allowed the barrels to easily breathe during maturation and develop a rich fruit and spice character.”

Unlike the standard Old Forester, which is a batch of whisky from several different years, Birthday Bourbon is a vintage-dated bourbon, hand-selected by Morris from one specific day of production. The result is a one-of-a-kind character and flavor that will never be replicated again. Its unique decanter style glass bottle is a throwback to the late 1800’s when Old Forester was first produced. Old Forester is the only bourbon still in existence today that was produced before, during and after Prohibition by its original distiller.  No other bourbon brand sold in the U.S. today can make that claim. 

Since its introduction in 2002, Old Forester Birthday Bourbon has received unprecedented acclaim and has collected honors from USA Today, Malt Advocate, Whisky Magazine, Spirit Journal, and Santé.  A favorite among critics, Old Forester Birthday Bourbon has taken home gold from numerous tasting competitions including a gold medal in the 2005, 2006 & 2007 San Francisco World Spirits Competition. The 2007 expression was also named American Whiskey of the Year at Malt Advocate WhiskyFest New York.

Old Forester Birthday Bourbon, a Brown-Forman product, has a suggested retail price of $49.99 and is sold at most liquor stores with a wide and varied range of bourbons. The 2010 edition of Birthday Bourbon is bottled at 95 proof. 

For more information on Old Forester and Old Forester Birthday Bourbon, visit the Old Forester website at www.oldforester.com or visit us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/oldforester.

About Old Forester Bourbon

George Garvin Brown was the founder of Old Forester Bourbon Whisky and Brown-Forman Corporation. Brown-Forman Corporation, Louisville, Kentucky, is a diversified producer and marketer of fine quality alcohol brands, including Jack Daniel’s, Southern Comfort, Finlandia Vodka, Tequila Herradura, el Jimador Tequila, Canadian Mist, Woodford Reserve, Fetzer wines, and Korbel California Champagnes.

The Scots Magazine has a new whisky columnist, she is Penny Ellis and she’s a director of the Spirit of Speyside Whisky Festival ( http://www.spiritofspeyside.com/ ) She also runs the Knockomie Hotel ( http://www.knockomie.co.uk/ ) in Forres with her husband Gavin.

The Knockomie Hotel

www.scotsmagazine.com

Isle of Arran NAS (57%, OB, “100 Proof”, +/- 2009)

From the back label “Due to non-chill filtration, this whisky may turn cloudy when exposed to low temperatures. This is perfectly normal. The absence of chill filtration in this product does result in a more full – bodied and flavoursome single malt.”

The nose is strong with hints of fragrant heather and roses (also slight hints of Balsamic vinegar) followed by some good malt and barley dust, fruit and chocolate (white). Tinges of citrus and some back ground sweetness. With time in the glass it opens to reveal more of the malty back bone. With water there is a natural gravitation to an increase in sweetness and more the of the characteristic Arran biscuity malt. It also went slight cloudy (which is perfectly natural). Very pleasant. The undiluted taste is strong but good; there’s some aggressive moments here but quite the ride. After a short while the fruit and malt come to the fore and are very good. This is excellent! There is also something to smoke. Which is curious. The diluted taste is much more gentle and sweeter; honey and malt but still lots of evidence of the crispness and it doesn’t fall apart. It is still very nice. The finish is malty with some white wine like notes along with the white chocolate, some black pepper and some really nice oak spice. The finish is long and unwavering and once again does not fall apart. An excellent finish.

Quite the dram, very enjoyable. Water offers another equally enjoyable aspect to this whisky. Perhaps due to the NAS there is some vibrancy of a youthful whisky?

C$85

Score 88 Points